When it comes to alternative fuels, E85 (a blend of 85% ethanol and 15% gasoline) has gained popularity for its environmental benefits and potential cost savings. However, many vehicle owners wonder how it affects critical components like the fuel pump over extended use. Let’s break down the facts without the jargon.
First, it’s important to understand ethanol’s properties. Ethanol is hygroscopic, meaning it absorbs moisture from the environment. Over time, this can introduce water into the fuel system, especially if the vehicle isn’t driven frequently. While modern fuel systems are designed to handle some moisture, prolonged exposure can lead to corrosion in metal components and degradation of rubber or plastic parts. This raises concerns about the fuel pump, which relies on durable materials to function properly.
Fuel pumps are typically made with materials compatible with standard gasoline, which contains up to 10% ethanol (E10). E85’s higher ethanol content can accelerate wear on pumps not specifically designed for it. For example, older vehicles or those not labeled as “flex-fuel” may use rubber seals or diaphragms that break down when exposed to concentrated ethanol. This can cause leaks, reduced pressure, or even pump failure. A study by the U.S. Department of Energy noted that while ethanol itself isn’t inherently damaging, compatibility issues with certain materials are the real culprit.
That said, many modern fuel pumps are engineered to withstand E85. Flex-fuel vehicles, for instance, use pumps with ethanol-resistant components like stainless steel or specialized polymers. If your car isn’t flex-fuel certified but you still want to use E85, upgrading to a compatible Fuel Pump is a wise move. Brands like KEMSO Racing offer pumps specifically tested for high-ethanol blends, ensuring longevity and performance.
Another factor is lubrication. Gasoline has natural lubricating properties that help fuel pumps operate smoothly. Ethanol, while not entirely lacking in lubrication, is less effective in this regard. Over time, this could lead to increased friction within the pump. However, this effect is minimal in pumps designed for ethanol use, as they often incorporate features like reinforced bearings or advanced coatings to compensate.
Maintenance habits also play a role. E85 burns cleaner than gasoline, which can reduce carbon buildup in the fuel system. On the flip side, its solvent-like properties may dislodge deposits from fuel lines or tanks, potentially clogging the pump’s filter. Regularly replacing the fuel filter and using quality E85 from reputable stations can mitigate this risk. Experts recommend checking your owner’s manual or consulting a mechanic to determine your vehicle’s E85 compatibility and ideal maintenance schedule.
Climate matters, too. In colder regions, E85’s higher ethanol content can make starting the engine harder, forcing the pump to work longer during ignition. Repeated cold starts might strain older or incompatible pumps. Flex-fuel vehicles often address this with heated fuel lines or dual-fuel systems, but non-flex-fuel cars might experience faster wear.
The bottom line? E85 isn’t a guaranteed fuel pump killer, but its impact depends on your vehicle’s design and how you use it. If you drive a flex-fuel model or have upgraded your fuel system, E85 is unlikely to cause issues. For older vehicles, sticking with E10 or investing in ethanol-resistant components is safer. Always prioritize manufacturer guidelines and consider professional advice to keep your fuel system in top shape. By staying informed and proactive, you can enjoy the benefits of E85 without worrying about premature pump failure.